Sound

Eliza and I decided that there won't be a lot of dialogue within our opening, but we want a tense and fast soundtrack, consisting of piano and maybe some brass to get the instrumental type of sound. We looked at several film trailers and soundtrack but found that Maze Runner and London to Brighton had soundtrack similar to what we wanted, but ones that are still reproducible at our level.

We want the soundtrack to build the tension, and we will be looking to use aspects of atmospheric and folly sound in our film opening.


 

Ident small practice

Here Eliza and I came up with a simple ident practice, I used cinema 4d to create it, and will be looking to add smaller text underneath using motion:

IDENT RESEARCH

Idents are an important part of the marketing towards a productions company and also can be used with a sound bridge to enhance and the atmosphere set up for the film that is about to happen.
Whilst researching ideas for our own ident concepts we came across a selection of 'Film 4' idents as shown above. Eliza and I liked the composition of these indents though we know it isn't possible for us to create our own ident in a similar way. We liked the concept of a dark graphic, cleanly cut ident that was simple. We liked the motion animation of the film 4 indents which worked to create a slick, professional and thrilling ident. We aim to achieve the same effect with our own ident; though it is graphic and simple we want to make it edgy. Here are some indents we liked and thought would influence our ident design well:

Audience Video response

Here is our uploaded video of our response to our audience research. We did this as we found it easier to film and get our point across than type it up.

Vox Pops

Eliza and I recorded some Vox Pops alongside the rest of our audience research. Here is the video.

Target Audience

After doing our audience research, Eliza and I decided to change our target audience from a lower age group to 20-30. This is because we discovered that younger ages where less keen on the idea of a social realistic thriller compared to a slightly older audience.

This gives us a better idea of what the audience wants and so will allow us to create a film specifically for that audience.

Graphics

For Graphics, Eliza and I were keen on using an idea similar to 'True Detective'. We love how the titles are simple, and the use of the text in the negative space, which makes the titles really effective and visual as the cuts are composed of layered video. However our only concern would be how to make it feel more like a film, rather than a tv series, which will be the biggest problem when producing the titles.

We thought this idea would fit well with a social realism thriller, as the narrative we have decided on consists of real teenage life, with a dark and edgy tone. This will be shown in the titles with the gurney backgrounds and layered photos/ videos to really get the idea of the dark life shown in the film.

In the opening few cuts of 'True Detective' there are some really nice still shots (or slightly moving) of people which is then over lapped with video of rural areas and the setting of the show. This will be interesting to try in photoshop, and then upload into motion to get the movement around screen.

Here are some screen grabs of the 'True Detective' opening titles:

Eliza and I then had a go at creating our own little still shot in the style of True Detective:

Camera shots - First plan

Eliza and I came up with a plan for the shots we want to use before starting the story board. These are just simple shots of the rough ideas we wanted to use, and this gave us a good idea to the overall plot, layout and shots needed for the story board and for when we shoot the shots. 

Our film opening consists of interspersed shots of past and present.

A rough plan, more shots of each point will be seen in the story board.

Italics = past

Normal = present

Fade from black

Cut to footsteps running 

Cut to protagonist present footsteps running (chase)  

Close up running away

Close up protagonist looking back (the chaser) 

Close up keys unlocking the door

Running to push open the door

Footsteps climbing stairs

Footsteps running up cement staircase (estate stairs)

Enter room, calm, dump bags

Enter room, frantic, lock door

Close up head against door

Profile in darkness looking up at estate

Shot of here running around

Shot of her moving to draws

Draw opening

Shot of moving around the room

Close up looking under / around her room

Cut to tilt upwards of antagonist entering estate

Bend down under bed and find package

Backing bag

Close up of zipping bag

Leaving room (door open)

Running through tunnel

Skyline ots of London

Hand on shoulder

Titles

Style / Tone

The overall style and tone of the opening that Eliza and I want to achieve is that of an edgy and urban environment, where for young people their atmosphere is a place of threat. The style will be similar to several films, especially Kidulthood, where there are a lot of urban shots, much more simple camerawork than other films and  an edgy feel with lots of close ups and point of view shots. This will present a feeling of personal connection between the audience and the character. This will also be achieved through the presentation of the protagonist in the past, as the audience (as discovered by audience research) finds a film more intriguing when they know elements about the character.

The setting will play a huge role towards tone, being dark and tense. The contrasting light between the past and present is what will really emphasis the present as being atmospheric and grungy. The buildings and locations we use are what will really present the realism feature of our film, and will set the edgy feel that we are working for.

Here is a scene from Kidulthood that represents the urban and natural environment we will being aiming for to create the style and tone:

Narrative. Decided

After discussing together, Ewan and I decided to edge our narratives together to form the plot of our opening sequence.
We decided upon following the life of a girl (our protagonist) and the change that has taken place in her life ( like a before and after). Her life used to be simple and normal but it now seems obvious that a person has come into her life who has put her life at threat.
We wanted to set up a a parallel between two moments in time; matching and cross cutting between different locations and shots.
It seemed that we wanted to leave the ending to our story undecided, a cliff hanger: where will she take her life after this moment? Whilst still we found from our Audience research that it was crucial we established an emotional attachment between our protagonist and our audience.
We came up with the idea of a package being involved, shots of our protagonist searching for the package unable to find it, interspersed with shots of our antagonist figure searching for her.
We hope this will create a sense of pace, rush and an awareness of time; just as time has lapsed and changed our protagonists life completely.

Audience Research - online survey - results

From our Online Survey, we've found that most people were more likely to watch films at home and were more inclined for those films to be blockbusters. However,100% answered that they do go to the cinema and more over, almost 45% go once a month and almost 17% go every week.

In terms of thrillers, 89% answered that they often watch them and 34% said that they have seen over 30 thrillers.

However, 100% of our audience that answered our survey was in the age category of 13-17 and only 3 persons out of 18 that answered said that they prefer social realism or psychological thrillers; the , majority (50%) said they preferred Action thrillers.

From this we can conclude that our target audience of 16-24 years old is perhaps too young. Meaning our social realism, psychological, urban thriller should be targeted at an older audience ( maybe 24-35 year olds).

Though our film would be certified a 15 and we are keen for it to appeal to young ages above 15 as well, we think that perhaps we should continue with our other Audience research to target our audience at an older age.

However, we will also interview some younger people to get their point of view and understanding on the concept of thrillers, especially social realism ones.

Audience Research

Yesterday Eliza and I created Facebook page for our film. We named it 'To Be Decided' as the film's name is yet to be decided! We hope that by creating a Facebook page we will be able to target our film at our target audience easier (16-25). We are posting photos and updates of our film's progress but also uploading links to our Online Surveys in hope that everyone will fill it out and give us the information we need to find out about our Audience's Likes and Dislikes.

We've already reached 90 likes!

We are also in the progress of compiling Vox pops, questionnaires, interviews and focus groups.

Here are some screenshots of our page:

Audience

My target audience is late teenager to late twenty year old, simply because of the idea of violence and meaning behind the character 'supposedly' committing suicide, though the audience never finds out. I wouldn't target  much younger as BBFC suggest that any use of the idea of teenagers self harming should be a 15 if there is only minimal, and for this reason I am also unsure on what exact rating it would be, as I am unsure to what extent the self harm will be shown, and whether or not the idea of suicide is darker than seeing it happen.

Sound

I want there to be dialogue between the two parents, but minimal so that the main sound is the tense music. The only things they should mention are the fact that their son / daughter is missing. i.e. 'She's late'.


For the teenager scene, I want there to be no dialogue, but only a soundtrack of some sort of pulsing beat, and distorted buzzing as if being unable to think when a short period of slow motion might be used. There will also be a lot of sound effects, to emphasis the opening of doors and running footsteps, as well as the stepping up onto the ledge.


I want to use lots of folly sounds with lots of noise to emphasis the chaos. I will open with a sound bridge of the soundtrack and running footsteps which will immediately get the audience concentrating on whats happening.

Graphics

Titles:

I want actors names to come up in the opening, followed by a short title flashing across the screen, which each new name scattered somewhere else on the screen in the negative space that the clip has. I want the text to fade in and out, with the main colours probably being white and black, or maybe streaks of dark red. Hopefully these quite natural colors will add a sense of tension. 

The fonts I have looked at are shown below, all quite similar in that I want to use some sort of distortion and broken letters to emphasis the cautiousness of the seen, with maybe a change of font for when the screen cuts to the family household. I want the font to be positioned so that it looks like it is part of the scene, as if printed on the wall and is made to blend in a little. 

The opening title sequences for True Detective are what have influenced me most, as I like the use of the titles positioned in negative space, and the use of slightly rough and disordered text.

Characters - Costumes - Porps

The characters that will appear in the opening of my film will be a teenage boy or girl, aged 17-18. There will also be two parents, a father and mother aged mid 40's. The contrast in Characters will be helped by the setting and colours, as the teenager will be wearing rough and dark clothes, while being surrounded by raw buildings, and the parents will be wearing classic patently clothes while surround by a well lit and colourful house.

Teenager:

I want the teenager to be a girl, though if this is not possible a boy will do fine. Him/her should have dark black or brown hair, with brown eyes and a rough edgy feel about them. This will add to all the darkness of the scene. 

He/she will wear a hoodie, with a dark jacket over the top and long baggy trousers. This will then represent a dodgy looking teenager, those which would mug someone or look like they would get onto some rough situations.

I was mainly influenced for the clothing once again by Kidulthood here, as shown by the picture below, which shows the kind of clothing I want to use.

Parents:

I want the parents to come across as being really open and stereotypical posh well raised parents. I want them to wear brighter clothes such as cardigans and jeans to stand out and contrast the darker colours of the grungy estate.

My inspiration for this is 'We're the Miller', where the mini van family are shown in their bright and pristine clothing. The parents are the two in the middle.

Style / Tone

The overall tone of my introduction will be dark and moody, with a real sense of threat to the teenager. In the estate staircase I want there to be flickering and dim lighting (Low Key) and the walls to be worn and possibly have some graffiti which will allow the tension and danger to be increased. The atmosphere for the teenager will be tense and chaotic which will also be helped by the use of music and emphasising panting, and a pulse. This will be largely contrasted by the cross cutting scene of the ,other sat around the dinner table, with little atmospheric sound or music, but still the idea that something bad is about to happen - such as the absence of a seat and the parents or mother worrying.

Staircase ideas:

• Dark and grungy, scary looking with limited light and dirty slitted lighting.
• This continues up onto the building roof which still feels dirty and as if it is in a rough area

       

Lighting:

• Low key lighting with lots of chiaroscuro to create more tension and add a sense of drama and as if something bad is going to happen in the near present.
• Try some flickering lights in the staircase? 
• When on the roof, a slight under lighting from the light from the street below
• lights all around to show the city, emphasising how high up it is as the teenager steps up onto the ledge.
• The lighting in the contrasting scene is well lit with key lighting and little shadow.
• This emphasises the contrast between the two scenes so that the teenager is emphasised to be in danger.

Camera Shots:

• I want to use a series of POV shots from the eyes of the teenager so that the chaotic feel is really shown strong which may be achieved by slight shaking. 
• Maybe some over the shoulder shots to get an idea of the height of the ledge.
• In the house hold environment I want to use some close ups with a low angle to show the lack of power that the parents have.
• For the phone call I want to use an extreme close up on the mothers face as the expression changes on the phone call. 

I have been influenced By Kidulthood opening, as I like the use of the POV shots with slight tilting and shaking which allows for the sense of a chaotic feel. I also have been influenced by the estate and shifty feel of the buildings which add tension. 

I was also influenced by several of the Batman films, where the key lighting creates a lot of chiaroscuro in the darker lit rooms and areas. The grungy feel of the buildings also inspired me to create the idea for this pre production. 

Outline - Pitch

My genre will be dark and moody thriller, with some sense of a physiological twisting plot. My opening will be constructed through the use of several cross cutting between two separate scenes, one of a high speed cut running scene of a shady looking character on a roof top, and the other a civilised household of a or several characters (maybe a mother) having dinner.

Detailed opening:

- Fade in from black
- Night time, dim lighting and flickering lights in the stairway
- Man or woman running up graffiti stained stair case in an estate
- Use of POV shots (to make it seen hectic and chaotic)
- Straight cut, short, to mother or several people at a dinner table
- Straight cut back to runner
- Opens fire escape door
- Runs up to edge of building and stands over the edge
- Cuts back to dinner table as mother shows concern
- A POV pan across London from the view of the runner on the ledge
- Close up of runners expresions (panting and in distress)
- Cuts back to dinner table, phone rings
- Mother answers phone (END)

Narrative / plot:

The Son or Daughter commits suicide in a frantic state when s/he jumps of their estate block. Police find markings on the body, signs of abuse and torture. The mother is called as she finds out the fait of her son/daughter. The police hunt down who caused the suicide  of the teenager, with the suspect doing anything to get away.

Casino Royale Opening

Camera shots:

The initial shot is an establishing shot, with the low angle shot of the building as the car pulls up. This sets the scene for where the next few shots are shown. A close up then shows the man from another low angle which makes him look powerful and also suspicious. The next few shots are all low angles, especially the shot of the elevator climbing the building, which leads to the next shot, but also portrays the power of the man. However this is then changes by the high angle looking down on the man as a close up to show the slightly worried expression on his face. Thus far all the shots have been stills, mainly to just establish the setting and what might happen. A point of view shot is then used to show the elevator floor reader in a close up, as the elevator climbs higher up the building. The camera then dollies with a mid-shot of the man walking across the hall which then cuts to him entering the room. Another dolly along with a pan is used to show the man sitting down. Next there is a close up of the man’s face, followed by a point of view into the mirror, and then an over the shoulder mid-shot of James bond sitting in the chair in the dark corner of the room. There is then an extreme close up of the gun in the draw, and then a close up of the man sat at the desk talking to James bond with several shot reverse shots. The scene then cuts to the fight in the bathroom, where there are a series of close ups as the two characters punch each other, then a few mid-shots as the move position. All throughout this scene there are lots of different camera angles, but very few movements.  

Editing:

The use of a fade-in introduces the opening shot of the building, as the man pulls up in the car. There are some slow cuts to set the scene before an eye-line match is used in the lift. There are sounds bridges used between each cut just to show how each cut is linked, such as the footsteps continuing up until the door is opened. A shot reverse shot is then use between Bond and the man, with another eye-line match used when the man looks at the reflection in the mirror. Parallel editing is then used, as the cross cutting shows the fight scene in the bathroom. Here high-speed editing is used, with lots of different camera angles and shots to show the tension and danger of the scene. This then quickly cuts back to the office scene when the man pulls out the gun.

Sound:

Generally the sound is non-diegetic, as most of it seems to be Foley sounds added after filming. This includes the car at the start using synchronised sound, and the footsteps when the man is walking along the corridor. Foley sound is also used when the door opens again with synchronisation, and generally throughout the rest of the opening scene. The dialogue is the only diegetic sounds (I Assume), with no real voiceovers or sounds mixing. However, a lot of sounds bridges are used as the cut to the next shot occur.

Mise-en-scene:

The colour of the opening is all in black and white (noir) which adds a sense of darkness, but also past tense sort of feel. The location is said to be in Prague (Czech Republic) however it could be filmed anywhere as there is nothing special about the building. The entire opening is shot in very bright and reflective areas, so that lots of chiaroscuro is made. The contrast between the toilet fight scene and the office is to emphasis the past tense that the fight happened. There are few props, only two guns, and the costumes are simples clothing, though we are unaware of what James Bond is wearing in the office, as the lighting is set up to show only his face.   

My Prezi presentation

http://prezi.com/e5gotevgvmce/edit/#4_95982358

Group work first task - The package

This is the first short film I made with three other people. Our plot was simple... a boy and girl madly in love, as a mafia gang mix up the parcels and deliver the package to the wrong person leaving the plot in an awful twist.

We worked using and trying different camera angles like that which we have studied from other films and clips. We tried pans, tilts, and even a little bit of hand held dollying which was a little shaky, but gave us a great idea of the types of shots available to our simple films. The shots were all interesting, getting some interesting shots, though what wasn't so good was the length of the shots. An example of this was the stairs shot, where I (Ewan Leslie) was seen walking up the stairs, where what we should have done was shot the start of me walking up the stairs and the end, which keeps the cutting short and interesting.

The editing was good, and my favorite camera angles and editing was the match on action of the opening door, which seemed clean and professional. However, my favorite scene of the over all short film was the opening, where the hostage gets his finger chopped off, as the low key lighting created chiaroscuro, and the extreme close up camera work on the hands and knife, along with the off putting music made the scene intense and exciting.  

Shutter Island Essay

Explore the use of film language for effect in an opening sequence to ‘Shutter Island’. How does the director engage the audience?

The director uses various techniques, predominantly camera angles, shots and lighting to engage the audience in the opening three minutes of the film. The Camera angles and lighting provide a ‘bone chilling’ sense to the opening scenes, whilst also establishing the genre, characters and atmosphere.

The opening to the film is a screen of fog, from which appears a boat in a wide angle shot. Though the audience might not yet know much regarding the film, the use of the boat appearing from the fog, along with the sound of crashing waves emits a sense of danger, which immediately engages the audience, as action and danger is known to be exciting. Later, when the first character, played by Leonardo Dicaprio, is introduced to the audience, the director, Martin Scorsese, uses Chiaroscuro, with a mid-shot through a door way to show ‘Teddy’ throwing up. The use of the dark lighting and mid-shot is too reveal to the audience what is happening, but suspend the meeting of the character, which leaves the audience slightly desperate wanting to know who the character is, what he looks like, and what he is like. As the camera the snaps to an ‘over the shoulder shot’, Leonardo Dicaprio, who plays ‘Teddy’ stands, revealing himself in a mirror as the lighting on his face is now brighter, but the entire frame is now in key lighting. The director deliberately introduces ‘Teddy’ in this way, as it introduces him, while keeping the sense of a bleak and uncomfortable ship.

There are a few zoom pans used next, which follow ‘Teddy’ as he makes his way to the outside of the ship. The zooms and pans are used to reveal parts of the ship, such as the hand cuffs hanging from the ceiling in a room where low key lighting is used. This reveals to the audience what kind of boat it is, as it becomes clear that it is some sort of prison ship, and the use of the low key lighting is to darken the room, and make it seem more frightening. The scarier and darker the scenes become, the more interested the audience becomes, which is clearly shown throughout the opening of this film.  

As ‘Teddy’ meets his partner, the audience becomes aware that he is a police officer, which is done by Martin Scorsese in a clever use of dialogue, so that ‘Teddy’ never actually says that he is, but there are small hints. As the two characters meet for the first time, close up two shots are used, with the low lighting and inclusion of the cloudy sky to continue the theme of bleak darkness. By this point the audience will have realised that the two characters are on a prisoner transporter on their way to the prison. This alone adds a sense of dread and fear, leaving the audience wanting to know what will happen once they arrive. The scene then cuts to a longshot of an island, again with the clouds and low lighting to darken and add fear to the theme. The reflections of the water make the shadow, and the island continues the theme of dark colours so that the sense of inevitability and darkness is never lost.

The music being played is using low brass instruments, which increases the tension as the captain says ‘the dock is the only way on or off’. Martin Scorsese uses this classic move of creating one way to escape so that the audience becomes even more fearful. The use of that line tells the audience that at some point they will need to escape, which is cleverly done so that the audience want to keep watching.

To conclude, Martin Scorsese uses low lighting, dark music and several important camera angles to introduce the audience to ‘Teddy’ and reveal the setting of the plot. The dark shadows on the boat along with the two shot of the officers while talking emphasises the bleak and dangerous island, creating a sense of fear which is the main skill used to engage the audience.  

Psycho Editing

- Cut to eye line view
- Short high speed
- Synchronized sound
- Shot reverse shot
- High speed
- Shot reverse shot
- POV from shower
- Music, split audio edit
- High speed
- Shot reverse shot
- Fade from plug into next cut

The Bourne Supremacy Editing

- Shot reverse shot used while the investigator is questioning Bourne
- High speed cutting as the phone call is made to increase suspense and tension
- Sync with sound
- Cut to the man on the other end of the phone
- Another shot reverse shot is used as the investigator is on the phone
- Two shot of the man on the phone and Bourne
- Overlay track of up beat music as the fight scene begins
- High speed cuts
- Close up of hands
- Lots of cuts with up beat music to increase tension
- Cuts to the building of officers
- Shot reverse shot
- Cuts to the room where Bourne escaped
- Cuts to car scene as Bourne drives
- Lots of cross cutting between the car, building and room

Kidulthood Research

The initial scene is a boy playing football in slow motion, in an open frame, but the camera angle is a close up of the boy’s feet, with a pan to follow the ball.

The camera then whip pans to show a mid-shot of several groups, with the focus being on the groups and then out of focus elsewhere.

The camera then zooms in closer so that a close up is achieved, with sudden changes of focus.

The camera then cuts to an extreme close up of a drill bit being placed in the drill, and then cuts back to the playground as the camera pans slowly between groups, changing focus but staying at an open frame and mid-shot, which shows the chaotic environment of a playground.

The camera again shows an extreme close up of a closed frame where a boy is putting on safety goggle and turns on the drill.

As switch / reverse / switch is used as two girls are having a conversation about someone, then the camera whip pans across the playground again to show another conversation again at a mid-shot in an open frame.

The use of the open frame, mid-shots and whip panning is mainly to show the chaotic environment of a playground, which is achieved through the hand held camera as if someone is watching the people, like a point of view shot.

Collateral Research

In the opening of this film, large variations of camera angles are used. In the opening few seconds, shown by the screenshot below, Tom Cruise, who plays the villain, walks though the airport. An open frame is used, while the camera introduces the first two characters, which is done so that the scene of a busy and public space is clearly conveyed. The camera focuses on Tom cruise as he walks towards the camera in slow motion which is used to add tension. The camera snaps between the two characters, contrasting Tom cruise in slow motion, which emphasises how he is the villain, and the other character, so that the audience focuses more on tom cruise.

 As the camera snaps back to Tom Cruise, the camera shot slowly turns into an extreme close up, as shown by the screenshot below, right before a two shot is used just before the collision.

At the collision, the camera shows the initial contact, before a camera angle from knee height which shows the bag dropping to the floor. The bag is in focus, with the surroundings all out of focus, which is done so that he bag is shown to be important, and leaves the audience wanting to know what is in it.

An over the shoulder POV shot is used as the characters play their roles as shown in the screenshot below.  

Next a tilt shot is used to follow the bag as Tom Cruise picks it up, which is used to once again make the bag seem important, thus enticing the audience with desperation to know what is in it.

For five seconds, an over the shoulder shot is used again, using a dolly to follow Tom Cruise as he walks. The background is blurred, but Tom Cruise is in focus, which is done to draw your eye to Tom Cruise and focus on him.

Next a montage is used, stringing together shots that change focus, mainly of parked taxis. The montage is used to show a change of scene, and make this clear.

The camera then pans across, showing hands of a man doing a crossword, and then in the next cut it pans again to show a man on the phone, speaking a foreign language. This is done to some taxi drivers, doing several activities while waiting for their cars to be fixed.

Another montage is used, with the use of several tilt shots to show close ups of hands fixing cars, and car components.

The camera cuts back to the man doing the crossword, starting on his hands, and then slowly tilting up to reveal the third character met. The slow tilt emphasises the characteristics of the new character, which is played by Jamie Foxx. The use of the crossword shows how Jamie Foxx’s character is intelligent.

So far across the opening an open frame has been used. As Jamie Foxx enters his car, his intelligence and precision is shown again by him cleaning his car in an organised fashion. The camera shot here is one of a POV from the passenger seat, but slightly from below and looking up at Jamie Foxx. This is done to show him to be a powerful character.  

Another small montage is used, mainly with extreme close ups of the characters hands, to show Jamie Foxx checking his car in an organised fashion, which again emphasises the organisation of the character.

From a close up shot, Jamie Foxx then closes the door of the taxi, which shuts out the sounds, thus ending the open frame and turning it into a closed frame.

More extreme close ups are used as Jamie Foxx finished his routine checks, then a mid-shot of the taxi driving away is used, simply to clearly show what is going on. 

Dark Knight Research

The initial shot in the opening of ‘The Dark Knight’ is a crane dolly showing an overhead view of some skyscrapers in ‘Gotham’ city. The camera slowly moves in towards one particular window where we meet the first of the robbers. The dolly is used to set the scene, and the focus on the single window as it is smashed is simply to emphasis what has happened.

The camera then cuts to a close up in a closed frame of one masked robber, who has just smashed the window. The close up is used in a profile position so that the smashed window and rest of the city is visible, thus showing that the robber was the one who smashed the window.

The next angle is a two shot, showing the head of the second masked robber from above, with the other robber in the foreground. This is used to show clearly what the robbers were doing as the first robber shoots a cable out of the window.

The camera then quickly cuts to the ‘Joker’ standing on the corner of the street with a large bag. The shot used is a mid-shot, to allow for detail such as the bag and mask to be fully visible.

The camera then zooms in towards the mask, which is done so that we recognise that particular mask as it shows importance later on.

As the robbers attach themselves to the zip line, and push off towards the next building, a fast pace dolly is used to follow them out before tilting down towards the ground to give an idea of the dangerous height.

Another crane dolly is used to give an overhead view of the robbers on the zip line, before it cuts to the robbers as they land on the gravel with the use of a slight pan.

Another two shot is used in the car, when the camera is in a fixes position, showing the outside world through the windows, but then the 3 robbers all in focus.

A mid-shot is then used, with slight pan and tilt to show the two robbers on the roof, this is used to show the emptiness of the closed frame, as well as emphasis what they are doing.

As the robbers enter the bank, a dolly is used to follow them in from a mid-shot. Further dollies are used to show them moving further into the bank, getting everyone on the ground and securing the victims.

An extreme close up of the robber hacking into the electrical system is used to emphasis what he is doing, with the next two shot to add suspense as the audience knows something is going to happen.

There is then an extreme close up of the grenades, simply to show clearly what they are as the robber begins to place them in the hands of the victims from a mid-shot.    

The camera cut back to the robbers on the roof, using a two shot to build suspense as the man behind pulls out a gun and shoots the other. This masked robber then runs down stairs, with the use of a dolly to follow him all the way, which is used to build the intensity as he runs.

Another dolly is then used as the camera focuses on the vault as shown below.

When the robber is breaking into the vault, the camera pans and zooms in to the drill in a close up, before the robber is then electrocuted and sent flying backwards.

There is then the use of a switch /reverse/ switch, as a dolly is used to follow the banker trying to shoot the robbers with a shotgun. This is done to increase the tension and drama, before the banker is then shot and a close up of the ‘Joker’ in his clown mask is shown as he tilts his head, which make the scene more intense and creepy with that short cut.

A two shot is used again as one robber is about to shoot the other, then it cuts to a close up as the trigger is pulled, which is done before the robber runs into the vault with the use of a dolly to follow him as he puts all the money in bags.

Another switch reverse switch shot is used as the remaining robber aims his gun at the ‘Joker’.   This is done to put across the point of views and perspective from each person. The ‘Joker’ then steps to the side, before the robber is then hit by the bus that comes through the window.